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Part of: Mexico and America, 1920-1960 (49 resources )
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Mexico and America, 1920-1960

Exhibition research for Detroit Institute of Arts exhibition of prints, drawings, and photographs, tentatively scheduled for 2019.

Contact: Clare Rogan, Curator of Prints & Drawings, crogan@dia.org    

Copyright
All Rights Reserved
Created by
Clare Rogan
Last Updated
May 25, 2022 3:01 p.m.

49 Items in this Learning Collection
Danza de los Paragüeros
Centered in the page in this print are two figures in matching costume, one facing the viewer and one away. They are each dressed in a black suit with pink cumberbund and white socks and gloves. Each figure wears a cape with green interior; the back is white with vegetal and animal motifs in orange, pink, green, grey and black. On the left, the more-visible cape has a grey bird on one side and an orange horse on the other. As visible on the left figure, who faces away, there is a large black collar on the cape in the shape of a triangle, and off of the collar hangs a long pink piece of fabric.  Both figures wear white hats—shaped like umbrellas—that have large plumage of black, orange and green coming from a pole off the top. Lastly, as seen in the right figure, they wear a pink mask with a mustached face.
Collection Object
Danza de los Tlacololeros
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures. The one in the foreground is wearing a grey cloak, while the one in the back has a blue cloak. Both figures have one orange boot, and orange hats. Also both figures are wearing red masks with stylized mustached-faces. The front figure holds an orange whip, and the back figure holds a white whip.
Collection Object
Danza de los Santiagos
Centered in the page on this print are two dark-skinned figures wearing pink-skinned masks. They are both dressed identically in white shirts and tights, with black boots, matching black knickers, and capes trimmed in gold. Each figure holds a small circular shield in one hand and a sword in the other—both in white. Both seem to be leaping in the air.
Collection Object
Danza de los Chinelos
In this print, two figures are centered on the page. They both wear a red mask with a pronounced black beard and mustache. The figure on the right is in an orange-yellow gown with blue detail on the white lace trim and the figure on the left a blue gown, with orange-yellow details. Their gloves and shoes are both black. Both also wear white large hats that are bowl-shaped with white, blue, and yellow-orange lace motifs. The figure on the left carries a thin red flag on a white pole. 
Collection Object
Danza de la Pluma
Centered on the page in this print are two figures, facing opposite directions. They are both wearing similar garments in different colors: pants, short-sleeved shirts, and capes. The figure on the right has orange pants with blue and red stripes, red shoes, orange shirt with white trim and a blue cape with red trim. On the left, the figure wears white pants with red and blue stripes, orange shoes, a small red and white apron, a orange shirt with a black cape trimmed in white and blue. Both hold tulip-shaped objects in one hand that are black, trimmed in blue. Each wear an elaborate headdress: white at the base with a large fan coming from it with geometric shapes on the interior. The figure on the left has a blue fan on his headdress with three orange circles and one star, outlined in blue, and one black rectangle at the front of the headdress. On the right, the figure's headdress is red on a white base with three ciricles, black at the center, then red and then orange around it. Each headdress fan seems to
Collection Object
Danza de los Moros
Centered on the page in this print are two figures in identical dress. They have white undergarments with maroon tunics and kilts that are trimmed in blue, and capes, black on the interior, lined in orange, and a orange and blue motif on the back, as visible on the left figure. The tunics have white fish-shaped attachments at the bottom hem and on each, at the chest, is a symetrical floral motif. Their boots are back with maroon and orange detailing, and have a white spur on one of the two boots. Both figures' faces are covered and they wear tiered, cone-shaped hats. Each figure holds a unique item, on the right a white ball and on the left a pole with blue, orange and maroon streamers coming from a blue disk. 
Collection Object
Title Page to 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Danza de la media luna
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures dressed in long robes. One figure wears a blue robe with maroon circles and the other is the opposite. Each faceless figure, carries a knife in one hand. On their heads are headdresses with a black cap and large white half-moon shape attached. The figures look like they are in motion.
Collection Object
Danza de las Malinches
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures. They both wear white pants trimmed in red and purple and a red shirt with white spots. Both figures have purple suspenders and a black hat with four white spots around the brim. Each figure holds a round black object with black, red and purple flares in one hand and a white pole with black, red, white and purple flares in the other.
Collection Object
Danza de los Pascolas y el Venado
Centered on the page in this print are two figures. Both have oranged-tan skin, revealed by their bare chests, arms and legs. At their ankles, there are white bands with gold circles. On the left, the figure wears blue shorts with a wide white waistband. He faces away, on his head there is a headdress in the shape of a horned-deer that faces to the left, attached by a white cloth. The figure holds two yellow disks. On the right, the man wears slightly different draping knickers with a wide-white waist band that has small orange toggles hanging off the front and a white flap off the back. He wears a blue mask with a white, abstracted face painted on. The mask has gold fabric attached at the top and bottom to represent hair and a beard. This right figure holds a small blue box with white design.
Collection Object
Danza de los Quetzales
Centered on the page of this print are two figures. They are dressed in white shirts, with red capes over their left sholders and matching pants, both trimmed in blue. Both figures are also wearing red cone-shaped headdresses that have a large circular decoration attached with red and blue concentric circles. Both figures are faceless and have black hair. The figures hold black round objects. They are depicted in movement.
Collection Object
Calavera de la Catrina
This pring shows the shoulders and skull of a skeleton wearing a wide brimmed hat adorned with plumes and decorative objects. 
Collection Object
Workman

Collection Object
Hat Makers
In this line drawing, three figures are seated on the ground, in a diagonal row, making hats out of grasses. The first has a large bundle of raw materials, the second appears to be weaving them, and the third, a woman, is holding a nearly finished hat. Behind them is a large pile of hats.
Collection Object
Pulqueria
A crowd of figures dances and drinks outside of an establishment with the words "Echate La Otra" across the top of the entrance. Figures outside the restaurant are wearing patterned tunics, tall socks and shoes, and tall conical hats with plumes of feathers. The figures inside the establishment are wearing sombreros.
Collection Object
Calaveras Estranguladoras

Collection Object
Portrait of Spratling

Collection Object
Marching Women
Figures in front of a large planar wall. On the left, there is one seated female in a white cloack and one standing female in a black cloack. Both of these women's faces are visible. At the center, there is a women in a black cloack carrying two large sacs and walking towards the right. To her right, there are two man walking away in dark costumes, holding rifles and wearing white, wide-brimmed hat. On the far right, there is a women walking away and dressed in white with two hair-braids visible. 
Collection Object
Unemployed

Collection Object
Calavera Maderista
A figure of a skeleton wearing a hat, scarf, pants and sandals walking towards the left side of the image. He has a mustache and carries a bottle.
Collection Object
Cockfight

Collection Object
Ixtaccíhuatl

Collection Object
Child Mother
This dark print shows a barefoot young girl dressed in a long white garment with an infant strapped to her back.
Collection Object
The Injured Eye

Collection Object
Calavera Huertista
This print shows a black and white skull on a hairy, insect-like body with a tail and six legs. The figure holds another skull in its right hand and a bone in its left hand. Other smaller skulls and bones surround the figure.
Collection Object
Calavera Zapatista
A skeleton, with a rifle strapped to his back and a flag of the skull and crossbones in his hand, rides a horse over 13 skulls. The skeleton is wearing a sombrero and he has a handlebar mustache. 
Collection Object
Pottery Maker, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Henequen Plant, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Silver Mine Worker, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Grinding Maize, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Lumber Workers, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Grinding Sugar Cane, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
The Market, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Peasants of Tlahuac, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Ritual of the Huichol Indian Tribe, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Lime Kilns, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Brick-Makers, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Crossing at Chalma

Collection Object
The Visit

Collection Object
How Small the World Is

Collection Object
Woman Combing Her Hair

Collection Object
Window to the Choir

Collection Object
Day of All Dead

Collection Object
Tres Ollas de Oaxaca
A photograph of an arrangement of three Oaxacan pots. 
Collection Object
Margarita de Bonampak, from "Manuel Alvarez Bravo"

Collection Object
Snarling Dog

Collection Object
Man at a Tree

Collection Object
Coyote

Collection Object
Untitled(Praying Women)

Collection Object
Pop Icons

Copyright
All Rights Reserved
Created by
Elizabeth Lorraine Rauh
Last Updated
May 25, 2022 3:01 p.m.

16 Items in this Learning Collection
In the Beginning
This print shows two rock-like forms, one below the other. On the bottom right of the top form there is an outline of two people with their arms around each other facing a yellow sun, a fish and some plants,  and perhaps a tree. 
Collection Object
This Beginning of Miracles
This complex print is composed of a collection of vignettes, loosely arranged in rows. The colors used in this print are pink and green, and different shades of golden tan. Two large figures are positioned side by side, slightly off center, their heads in the upper register. They have long hair and wear pink and green crowns, and hold pink and green decorative chalices. Both wear draped clothing. Behind them are smaller figures also dressed in draped clothing, in a variety of scenes, and engaged in different activities. Some are gathered in groups, a pair of men face each other, two people sit next to each other, and several pink chairs are grouped together.
Collection Object
Temple
Black and white print using Ben Day dots to depict a part of the facade of a temple.
Collection Object
Campbell's Soup I, Tomato

Collection Object
Danza de los Tlacololeros
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures. The one in the foreground is wearing a grey cloak, while the one in the back has a blue cloak. Both figures have one orange boot, and orange hats. Also both figures are wearing red masks with stylized mustached-faces. The front figure holds an orange whip, and the back figure holds a white whip.
Collection Object
Danza de los Quetzales
Centered on the page of this print are two figures. They are dressed in white shirts, with red capes over their left sholders and matching pants, both trimmed in blue. Both figures are also wearing red cone-shaped headdresses that have a large circular decoration attached with red and blue concentric circles. Both figures are faceless and have black hair. The figures hold black round objects. They are depicted in movement.
Collection Object
Spanish Mission [New Mexico]

Collection Object
Stray Dog [Mexico]

Collection Object
Donkey (Mexico)

Collection Object
Resting (Mexico)

Collection Object
Heart's Rest (New Mexico)

Collection Object
Haloed Male with Floral Motif

Collection Object
Christ Seated

Collection Object
Help Your Red Cross - "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these"

Collection Object
Danza de los Santiagos
Centered in the page on this print are two dark-skinned figures wearing pink-skinned masks. They are both dressed identically in white shirts and tights, with black boots, matching black knickers, and capes trimmed in gold. Each figure holds a small circular shield in one hand and a sword in the other—both in white. Both seem to be leaping in the air.
Collection Object
A New Design for TV Chair
This vertical print shows a slick advertising image in the top half with a man and a woman watching an early model television set. The woman is smoking a cigarette. A text box is inserted asking three questions. The bottom half is less slick, simply a diagram and text, some of it in a typewriter font. Text above and below asks about how soon television sets will be widely available in homes and museums. The date 1944 is included in parentheses at the top of the image.
Collection Object

Exhibition research for Detroit Institute of Arts exhibition of prints, drawings, and photographs, tentatively scheduled for 2019.

Contact: Clare Rogan, Curator of Prints & Drawings, crogan@dia.org    

49 Items in this Learning Collection
Danza de los Paragüeros
Centered in the page in this print are two figures in matching costume, one facing the viewer and one away. They are each dressed in a black suit with pink cumberbund and white socks and gloves. Each figure wears a cape with green interior; the back is white with vegetal and animal motifs in orange, pink, green, grey and black. On the left, the more-visible cape has a grey bird on one side and an orange horse on the other. As visible on the left figure, who faces away, there is a large black collar on the cape in the shape of a triangle, and off of the collar hangs a long pink piece of fabric.  Both figures wear white hats—shaped like umbrellas—that have large plumage of black, orange and green coming from a pole off the top. Lastly, as seen in the right figure, they wear a pink mask with a mustached face.
Collection Object
Danza de los Tlacololeros
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures. The one in the foreground is wearing a grey cloak, while the one in the back has a blue cloak. Both figures have one orange boot, and orange hats. Also both figures are wearing red masks with stylized mustached-faces. The front figure holds an orange whip, and the back figure holds a white whip.
Collection Object
Danza de los Santiagos
Centered in the page on this print are two dark-skinned figures wearing pink-skinned masks. They are both dressed identically in white shirts and tights, with black boots, matching black knickers, and capes trimmed in gold. Each figure holds a small circular shield in one hand and a sword in the other—both in white. Both seem to be leaping in the air.
Collection Object
Danza de los Chinelos
In this print, two figures are centered on the page. They both wear a red mask with a pronounced black beard and mustache. The figure on the right is in an orange-yellow gown with blue detail on the white lace trim and the figure on the left a blue gown, with orange-yellow details. Their gloves and shoes are both black. Both also wear white large hats that are bowl-shaped with white, blue, and yellow-orange lace motifs. The figure on the left carries a thin red flag on a white pole. 
Collection Object
Danza de la Pluma
Centered on the page in this print are two figures, facing opposite directions. They are both wearing similar garments in different colors: pants, short-sleeved shirts, and capes. The figure on the right has orange pants with blue and red stripes, red shoes, orange shirt with white trim and a blue cape with red trim. On the left, the figure wears white pants with red and blue stripes, orange shoes, a small red and white apron, a orange shirt with a black cape trimmed in white and blue. Both hold tulip-shaped objects in one hand that are black, trimmed in blue. Each wear an elaborate headdress: white at the base with a large fan coming from it with geometric shapes on the interior. The figure on the left has a blue fan on his headdress with three orange circles and one star, outlined in blue, and one black rectangle at the front of the headdress. On the right, the figure's headdress is red on a white base with three ciricles, black at the center, then red and then orange around it. Each headdress fan seems to
Collection Object
Danza de los Moros
Centered on the page in this print are two figures in identical dress. They have white undergarments with maroon tunics and kilts that are trimmed in blue, and capes, black on the interior, lined in orange, and a orange and blue motif on the back, as visible on the left figure. The tunics have white fish-shaped attachments at the bottom hem and on each, at the chest, is a symetrical floral motif. Their boots are back with maroon and orange detailing, and have a white spur on one of the two boots. Both figures' faces are covered and they wear tiered, cone-shaped hats. Each figure holds a unique item, on the right a white ball and on the left a pole with blue, orange and maroon streamers coming from a blue disk. 
Collection Object
Title Page to 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Danza de la media luna
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures dressed in long robes. One figure wears a blue robe with maroon circles and the other is the opposite. Each faceless figure, carries a knife in one hand. On their heads are headdresses with a black cap and large white half-moon shape attached. The figures look like they are in motion.
Collection Object
Danza de las Malinches
Centered on the page, this print shows two figures. They both wear white pants trimmed in red and purple and a red shirt with white spots. Both figures have purple suspenders and a black hat with four white spots around the brim. Each figure holds a round black object with black, red and purple flares in one hand and a white pole with black, red, white and purple flares in the other.
Collection Object
Danza de los Pascolas y el Venado
Centered on the page in this print are two figures. Both have oranged-tan skin, revealed by their bare chests, arms and legs. At their ankles, there are white bands with gold circles. On the left, the figure wears blue shorts with a wide white waistband. He faces away, on his head there is a headdress in the shape of a horned-deer that faces to the left, attached by a white cloth. The figure holds two yellow disks. On the right, the man wears slightly different draping knickers with a wide-white waist band that has small orange toggles hanging off the front and a white flap off the back. He wears a blue mask with a white, abstracted face painted on. The mask has gold fabric attached at the top and bottom to represent hair and a beard. This right figure holds a small blue box with white design.
Collection Object
Danza de los Quetzales
Centered on the page of this print are two figures. They are dressed in white shirts, with red capes over their left sholders and matching pants, both trimmed in blue. Both figures are also wearing red cone-shaped headdresses that have a large circular decoration attached with red and blue concentric circles. Both figures are faceless and have black hair. The figures hold black round objects. They are depicted in movement.
Collection Object
Calavera de la Catrina
This pring shows the shoulders and skull of a skeleton wearing a wide brimmed hat adorned with plumes and decorative objects. 
Collection Object
Workman

Collection Object
Hat Makers
In this line drawing, three figures are seated on the ground, in a diagonal row, making hats out of grasses. The first has a large bundle of raw materials, the second appears to be weaving them, and the third, a woman, is holding a nearly finished hat. Behind them is a large pile of hats.
Collection Object
Pulqueria
A crowd of figures dances and drinks outside of an establishment with the words "Echate La Otra" across the top of the entrance. Figures outside the restaurant are wearing patterned tunics, tall socks and shoes, and tall conical hats with plumes of feathers. The figures inside the establishment are wearing sombreros.
Collection Object
Calaveras Estranguladoras

Collection Object
Portrait of Spratling

Collection Object
Marching Women
Figures in front of a large planar wall. On the left, there is one seated female in a white cloack and one standing female in a black cloack. Both of these women's faces are visible. At the center, there is a women in a black cloack carrying two large sacs and walking towards the right. To her right, there are two man walking away in dark costumes, holding rifles and wearing white, wide-brimmed hat. On the far right, there is a women walking away and dressed in white with two hair-braids visible. 
Collection Object
Unemployed

Collection Object
Calavera Maderista
A figure of a skeleton wearing a hat, scarf, pants and sandals walking towards the left side of the image. He has a mustache and carries a bottle.
Collection Object
Cockfight

Collection Object
Ixtaccíhuatl

Collection Object
Child Mother
This dark print shows a barefoot young girl dressed in a long white garment with an infant strapped to her back.
Collection Object
The Injured Eye

Collection Object
Calavera Huertista
This print shows a black and white skull on a hairy, insect-like body with a tail and six legs. The figure holds another skull in its right hand and a bone in its left hand. Other smaller skulls and bones surround the figure.
Collection Object
Calavera Zapatista
A skeleton, with a rifle strapped to his back and a flag of the skull and crossbones in his hand, rides a horse over 13 skulls. The skeleton is wearing a sombrero and he has a handlebar mustache. 
Collection Object
Pottery Maker, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Henequen Plant, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Silver Mine Worker, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Grinding Maize, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Lumber Workers, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Grinding Sugar Cane, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
The Market, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Peasants of Tlahuac, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Ritual of the Huichol Indian Tribe, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Lime Kilns, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Brick-Makers, from 'Mexican People'

Collection Object
Crossing at Chalma

Collection Object
The Visit

Collection Object
How Small the World Is

Collection Object
Woman Combing Her Hair

Collection Object
Window to the Choir

Collection Object
Day of All Dead

Collection Object
Tres Ollas de Oaxaca
A photograph of an arrangement of three Oaxacan pots. 
Collection Object
Margarita de Bonampak, from "Manuel Alvarez Bravo"

Collection Object
Snarling Dog

Collection Object
Man at a Tree

Collection Object
Coyote

Collection Object
Untitled(Praying Women)

Collection Object

Copyright
All Rights Reserved ()

Danza de los Quetzales

Accession Number
1944.1

Title
Danza de los Quetzales

Artist(s)
Carlos Mérida

Artist Nationality
Guatemalan

Object Creation Date
circa 1937-1939

Medium & Support
lithograph on paper

Dimensions
16 7/8 in x 12 1/2 in (42.86 cm x 31.75 cm)

Credit Line
Museum Purchase

Subject matter
This is one of a series of ten prints that depict the traditional dances of México. Mérida was the co-founder of the dance school for the Secretariat of Education (Escuela de la Danza de la Secretaría de Educación Pública), which worked to preserve the native dances of the region. In addition to this set, at this time, he produced a number of series that cataloged the popular arts and industries of Mexico and his native Guatemala. 

The dance depicted in this print has pre-Columbian origins. Believed to be originally a dance to honor the sun, thunder and rain gods, the costumes are markers of importance. The now-extinct Q'a bird was used to create the elaborate headdresses because of the birds' vibrant plumage. 

Physical Description
Centered on the page of this print are two figures. They are dressed in white shirts, with red capes over their left sholders and matching pants, both trimmed in blue. Both figures are also wearing red cone-shaped headdresses that have a large circular decoration attached with red and blue concentric circles. Both figures are faceless and have black hair. The figures hold black round objects. They are depicted in movement.

Primary Object Classification
Print

Collection Area
Modern and Contemporary

Rights
If you are interested in using an image for a publication, please visit http://umma.umich.edu/request-image for more information and to fill out the online Image Rights and Reproductions Request Form. Keywords
Mexico
Toltec
birds (motifs)
dancers
feathers (animal components)
folk dances
headdresses
modern and contemporary art
sacrifices

20 Related Resources

& Author Notes

All Rights Reserved