Accession Number1976/2.102
TitleThe Mourning Virgin and holy women (fragment of a Crucifixion from a portable altarpiece)
Artist(s)Embriachi Workshop, Venice, ItalyObject Creation Datecirca 1400Medium & SupportboneDimensions 4 ⅝ in x 1 9/16 in x 1 ⅛ in (11.75 cm x 3.97 cm x 2.86 cm);4 ⅝ in x 1 9/16 in x 1 ⅛ in (11.75 cm x 3.97 cm x 2.86 cm);1 1/16 in x 1 9/16 in x 1 ⅛ in (2.7 cm x 3.97 cm x 2.86 cm);3 9/16 in x 1 3/10 in x 9/16 in (9.05 cm x 3.33 cm x 1.43 cm)
Credit LinePresented in memory of Rosalie EisenbergLabel copyMarch 28, 2009
These small sculptures are evidence of an ingenious response to the growing middle-class demand for religious imagery during the later Middle Ages. These figures, accompanied by other mourners and soldiers, would have formed a Crucifixion scene in a small domestic altarpiece. They were carved from humble bone rather than exotic and expensive ivory by artists in the Venetian workshop of Baldassare degli Embriachi, who was probably more entrepreneur than artist. By employing prefabricated, modular components and inexpensive materials, the Embriachi workshop could mass-produce altarpieces—along with caskets, mirror backs, and combs—at affordable prices for a wider, less affluent clientele.
Subject matterThis diminutive sculpture represents the grief-stricken Virgin and two other mourning women along with two soldiers that, together with its companion piece depicting John the Evangelist (1966/1.108), once formed part of a Crucifixion scene in a small portable altarpiece.
Physical DescriptionThis carved bone sculpture depicts the Virgin Mary raising her right hand in a gesture of grief while her head is bent in mourning. A similar female figure, holding her hands clasped before her, appears in profile behind the Virgin, and another female figure stands to the left. Behind the mourning women the pointed helmets worn by two soldiers may be discerned.
Primary Object Classification Sculpture Primary Object TypealtarpieceAdditional Object Classification(s)SculptureCollection AreaWesternRightsIf you are interested in using an image for a publication, please visit
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Keywords
Christianity
altarpieces
bone (material)
carvings (visual works)