Accession Number2000/2.105
TitleCommemorative Head
Artist(s)AkanArtist NationalityAkan (culture or style)Object Creation Datecirca 1890-1920Medium & SupportterracottaDimensions 6 1/2 in x 6 5/16 in x 3 1/8 in (16.51 cm x 16.03 cm x 7.94 cm)
Credit LineGift of Dr. James and Vivian Curtis
Subject matterTo commemorate and honor deceased rulers or prominent individuals, Akan-speaking peoples created terracotta heads such as this one. Called, among other names,
mma, these commemorative heads were associated with the funerary rites of royalty, as average men and women only had funerary vessels made upon their death. This head could possibly represent the deceased individual, but it could also be a member of the court created to accompany the deceased. Although it is debated if
mma were used in the burial itself or in the funeral service, which often took place weeks after the burial, after their use
mma were kept in a special area of the cemetery, known as "the place of the pots". Throughout the year people would bring food and drink to honor these spirits, as ancestors could intervene in times of difficulty to assist their family.
References Cited:
McLeod, Malcolm D. 1981.
The Asante. London: British Museum Publications Ltd.
Cole, Herbert M. and Doran H. Ross. 1977.
The Art of Ghana. Los Angeles: UCLA Museum of Cultural History.
Physical DescriptionOn this terracotta head with a flat, circular shape the chin is small, as are the eyes, nose, and mouth. The eyes are framed by semi-circular brows. There are four sets of facial markings, one beside each eye and two in the center of the forehead. The hairstyle consists of semi-circular projections around the edge of the head, ending with a conical projection above each ear.
Primary Object Classification Ceramic Primary Object TypeheadCollection AreaAfricanRightsIf you are interested in using an image for a publication, please visit
http://umma.umich.edu/request-image for more information and to fill out the online Image Rights and Reproductions Request Form.
Keywords
burials
commemorative sculpture
funerals
funerary sculpture
head
royalty (nobility)
symbols of office or status